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Diocletian's Palace ((クロアチア語:Dioklecijanova palača), ) is an ancient palace built by the Roman emperor Diocletian at the turn of the fourth century AD, that today forms the center of the city of Split. While it is referred to as a "palace" because of its intended use as the retirement residence of Diocletian, the term can be misleading as the structure is massive and more resembles a large fortress: about half of it was for Diocletian's personal use, and the rest housed the military garrison. Diocletian built the massive palace in preparation for his retirement on 1 May 305 AD. It lies in a bay on the south side of a short peninsula running out from the Dalmatian coast, four miles from Salona, the capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia. The terrain slopes gently seaward and is typical karst, consisting of low limestone ridges running east to west with marl in the clefts between them. ==History== After the Romans abandoned the site, the Palace remained empty for several centuries. In the 7th century, nearby residents fled to the walled palace in an effort to escape invading Croats. Since then the palace has been occupied, with residents making their homes and businesses within the palace basement and directly in its walls.〔http://www.croatiatraveller.com/Heritage_Sites/Diocletian'sPalace.htm〕 Today many restaurants and shops, and some homes, can still be found within the walls. After the Middle Ages the palace was virtually unknown in the rest of Europe until the Scottish neo-classical architect Robert Adam had the ruins surveyed and, with the aid of French artist and antiquary Charles-Louis Clérisseau and several draughtsmen, published ''Ruins of the Palace of the Emperor Diocletian at Spalatro in Dalmatia'' (London, 1764).〔(Archive.org ), =(Smithsonian ), (University of Wisconsin )〕 Diocletian's palace was an inspiration for Adam's new style of Neoclassical architecture〔Hogan, C. Michael, ( "Diocletian's Palace" ), The Megalithic Portal, A. Burnham ed., 6 October 2007.〕 and the publication of measured drawings brought it into the design vocabulary of European architecture for the first time. A few decades later, in 1782, the French painter Louis-François Cassas created drawings of the palace, published by in 1802 in the chronicles of his voyages.〔''Voyage pittoresque et historique de l'Istrie et de la Dalmatie rédigé d'après l'Itinéraire de L. F. Cassas par Joseph Lavallée'' (Paris, 1802).〕 This palace is today, with all the most important historical buildings, in the centre of the city of Split. Diocletian's Palace far transcends local importance because of its degree of preservation. The Palace is one of the most famous and complete architectural and cultural features on the Croatian Adriatic coast. As the world's most complete remains of a Roman palace, it holds an outstanding place in Mediterranean, European and world heritage. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Diocletian's Palace」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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